Process of and apparatus for distilling oil



. (No Model.) '3 sheets-sheet. 1.

J. N. MARTIN. r PROGESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR DISTILLING' OIL.

No. 254,990.. Patented Mar..14,1882.

WITNESSES.-

ATTORNEY N. PETERS. Phom-Lilhc m hw. wnihin um, n. c.

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

J. N. MARTIN; PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR DISTILLING OIL. No. 254,990.

Patented Mar. 14,1882.

:1 L J A .1 M B W i mm h .1 J J W a Mr I W HVVENTOR ATTORNEY N PEI'ERS. Pholo-Liihognpher. wanhin xk u. c.

zen of the United States, residing at Oil City,

to letters or figures of reference marked there- Mar fire-test, and also much lighter benzine, than UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN N. MARTIN, OF OIL CITY, PENNSYLVANIA.

. PROCESS O l-SAND APPARATUS FOR DISTILLING OIL.

SPECIFICATION forming; part of Letters Patent No. 254,990, dated March 14, 1882.

' Application filed August 16, 1880. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, JOHN N. MARTIN, a citiin the county of Venango and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Process of and Apparatus for Distilling Oil; and I do hereby (leclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and

on, which form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 represents a perspective view of my. improved apparatus for process of distillation. Fig.2 represents a vertical transverse section of myimproved apparatus. Fig 3represents a vertical longitudinal section of the double separator and vertical drum, taken through the dotted line m of Fig. 2. Fig. dreprcsents a perspective view of the apparatus, with the separator within the still.

My invention relates to improvementsin process and apparatus for distilling oils, petroleum, tar, &c., and it is equally applicable for other commodities, where the object in view is to throw off the accumulated vapors through a second treatment or distillation by means of the heat of the evolved vapors during the primary or first stage ofthe process of distillation.

It also relates to improvements in apparatus for dispensing entirely with steam-stilling, which is the present method of treating the oil to remove the lighter products.

It also further relates to improvements in devices for running various grades of oils or benzine into and mixing with the distillate in a vaporous state for producing a uniform and marketable color when the charge is nearly run or exhausted.

The object of my invention is to procure a larger yield of the distillate or oil, and of more uniform grade and quality, and of a much betby the old method heretofore employed of distillin g oils. 1

With myimprovcd devices I accomplish my purpose, mainly, by means of separators, which may be located within or on the outside of a still, as shown at Figs. 1 and 4 on the accompanying drawings. The separators, which are primary and secondary, are situated one within the other, the object of which is to allow the vapors accumulating in the primary separator to heat the distillate passing through the secondary separator and throw off theremaining light vapors before the distillate enters the large condenser.

To better understand my invention I will proceed to describe it as to the figures and letters of reference on the accompanying drawings, so that others skilled in the art to which it appertains may be able to make and usethe same.

The still A is provided with try-cocks a, man-hole a and also with pipes or goosenecks' a. Said pipes a pass over the top of the still and connect-with a primary separator, B,

which receives the evolved vapors that first the small condenser F, which is kept full of cold water for condensing the evolved vapors. The pipes 11 pass out through the side of the condenser F at b and connect with a manifold, (l, and into whichthe distillate enters, and is conveyed from said manifold O by means of the pipe 0, which is provided with a trap, 0, into the secondary separator D. Said secondary separatoris riveted to thefront head of the large separatorB, and, passing centrally through said separator to its rear end and projeeting outwardly, connects with a vertical drum,E. As the distillate enters the secondary separator D-by means of the aforementioned pipe O,it-flows into the vertical-drum E, the oil settlingat the bottom ofsaid vertical drum and passing out through the pipe E, which communicates with the large condenser N, and finally through the tail-pipes, which are located at the rear end of the still in the receiving-house. 'Said tail-pipes are not shown in the drawings. distillate aforementioned, entering drum E, pass out of said drum through the large vaporpipe H, which is reduced in size at H, into the condenser F, and leaving said condenser at 2, and entering the large condenser N, to the tail pipes. As the evolved vapors from the distillate in the secondary separator D pass through The vapors evolved from the,

the vertical drum and. pipes H and H, they maycondense somewhat when passing through the small condenser F, in which case said distillate enters the small pipe g, which is provided with a stop-cock, g, and flows into the small drum G, and from thence the distillate is conveyed through pipe g (which is provided with a gas-trap at the bend 9 to prevent the gases or vapors from entering said pipe) into the upper end of the T 1 at 7', where it enters pipe 0 and mixes with the distillate in the secondary drum D.

If any gas or vapors should arise from the incoming distillate when in the small vertical 'drum G, they ascend into the pipe G, from whence they are conveyed into the large condenser N and pass out of the tail pipes condensed.

'The manifold C is also provided with pipes c c, for carrying off any uncondensed vapors which may arise from the distillate in transit, and are conveyed into the large condenser. Located at the rear end of the primary separator B is a gas-escape pipe, B, which connects with a safety-valve, B located at the rear of the small condenser F. The object of said safety-valve is to allow any overcharged gases that may accumulate either in the still or in the large separator to escape, and prevent straining or bursting the still.

The primary separator B is provided with a drippipe, e, which is trapped at 5, and which enters the vertical drum E somewhat above the level of the distillate in said drum, thus providing for the conveyance of any condensed vapors that may collect within the separator (Shown to advantage at Figs. 2 and 3.)

Coiled horizontally within the separator B is a small pipe, I, which enters at the rear end of said separator, and, passing out of the front eud,-conneotswith the T 1, connected to the distillate-pipe C.

'The function of pipe I is to run light oil after the still is on colored oil, which happens near the endof the run or charge. As thelight oil enters said pipe I it is superheated by means of, the vapors surrounding it in the separator B before it enters the secondary separator D. vAs it is conveyed to said separatorD it mixes with the oil that has been condensed in the small condenser F, thus making a thorough mixture of the light and colored oils as they pass through said separator, and a much better oil than heretofore produced by the old system of distilling.

The steam-pipe J, which enters the front head of the primary separator B, is coiled spirally around the small or secondary separa'tor D, and, passing out the rear end of the.

separator B, it enters near the top of the vertical drum E, and, extending almost to the bottom of said drum, terminates in the body of distillate, which is constantly entering therein from the separators B and D. p Near the end of the steam-pipe J are a number of perforations, 9, for allowing the steam,

. which is highly superheated by means of the vapors enveloping said coil in the separator B, to mix with the distillate and drive off any light vapors before thedistillate enters the large condenser.

The device shown on Sheet 3 at Fig.4 is the same in principle and operation as the apparatus shown on Sheets 1 and 2. The parts are arranged somewhat differently. In this figure the separators B and D are located inside of the still A, and the small or secondary separator D does not come close against the front head of separator B, but terminates some distance back, with the end at open, as shown in the separator, which is partly broken away.

The pipe G enters the rear end of the separator B, and as the distillate enters the small separatorD it flows freely into the large separator B, and is cgpveyed by means of pipe E into the box or drum E The vapors accumulating within said drum E pass out through the pipe E into the large condenser N, and from thence into the receiving-house. The distillate which enters said drum E is sprayed somewhat by means of a perforated bracket located directly under the mouth of the pipe E and conveyed through the pipe E into the large condenser. The vapors evolved from the distillate as it enters the large separator B are carried off through pipes H and H, in a similar manner as shown in Fig. 1 of Sheet 1.

Having described my invention, that which I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

of goose-neck pipes, at, a primary separator, B,

receiving said pipes at, and provided with escape-pipes b, connected with a condenser and a secondary separator, D, placed within the first and connecting conduits between the condenser and such secondary separator, said separator being heated by the vapors surrounding it, substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. The combination of a still, a primaryseparator connected therewith by pipes, and provided with escape-pipes passing through a condenser and connected with a secondary separator placed within the first, and having its escape-pipe leading into a drum, with a steam-pipe placed within the primary separator and having its escape opening into said drum, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereofI atiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN N. MARTIN.

Witnesses:

W. R. EDELEN, W. F. GRovEs. 

